Addressing the Shortage : A Look into the Motivations of Japanese Language Teachers in Malaysia

Masalah Kekurangan Guru: Sorotan Terhadap Motivasi Guru-Guru Bahasa Jepun di Malaysia

Abstract

Malaysia’s Look East Policy (LEP), launched in 1982, significantly influenced the development of Japanese language education. However, recent trends show a decline in the number of Japanese language teachers, raising concerns about the sustainability of the field. This study explores the motivations of Japanese language educators in Malaysia using the Factors Influencing Teaching Choice (FIT-Choice) scale. Survey data from 70 teachers reveal that intrinsic career value, the desire to work with youth, and the aspiration to make a social contribution are the most influential motivators. In contrast, teaching as a fallback career and job transferability were rated lowest. Despite challenges, most respondents expressed satisfaction with their career choice. The findings suggest that the shortage of Japanese language teachers is not due to a lack of interest, but rather systemic barriers. These include limited certification pathways, unpredictable teacher training program intakes, and stringent hiring criteria in tertiary institutions. Additionally, while teachers perceive their work as requiring high expertise and emotional investment, they feel inadequately compensated, especially when compared to private sector roles requiring Japanese language proficiency. This study highlights the need for structural reforms in teacher training and recruitment policies to ensure the sustainability of Japanese language education in Malaysia. By addressing institutional constraints and improving career pathways, stakeholders can better support motivated individuals in pursuing and remaining in the teaching profession.