Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Penghayatan Unsur Tradisi dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan Pelajar Universiti dan Hubungannya dengan Latar Belakang Demografi

University Students’ Knowledge, Attitude and Appreciation of Traditional Elements in Federal Constitution and the Relationship with Demographical Background

Abstract

Abstrak: Isu-isu melibatkan unsur tradisi dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan seperti agama, institusi beraja, bahasa Melayu dan kedudukan istimewa orang Melayu sering diperdebatkan dan kadangkala boleh menjadi punca perbalahan antara kaum di media sosial. Media sosial terdiri daripada pelbagai golongan masyarakat. Pelajar universiti menjadi tumpuan kajian kerana mereka merupakan kategori golongan terpelajar yang akan menjadi pemimpin generasi akan datang. Maka kajian ini dijalankan bagi mengenalpasti tahap pengetahuan, sikap dan penghayatan pelajar universiti terhadap unsur tradisi Perlembagaan Persekutuan, menentukan perbezaannya mengikut faktor latar belakang demografi pelajar serta menganalisis hubungan antara tahap pengetahuan, sikap dan penghayatan pelajar terhadap unsur tradisi dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 572 responden dalam kalangan pelajar universiti yang dipilih secara rawak berkelompok di negeri-negeri Semenanjung Malaysia. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah soal selidik yang dibina berdasarkan peruntukan-peruntukan unsur tradisi dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan serta model KAP yang diedarkan secara atas talian. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa tahap pengetahuan, sikap dan penghayatan pelajar universiti terhadap unsur tradisi adalah tinggi secara keseluruhannya. Namun, terdapat perbezaan yang ketara terhadap tahap pengetahuan, sikap dan penghayatan pelajar universiti mengikut latar belakang demografi. Hasil kajian juga menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tahap pengetahuan, sikap dan penghayatan pelajar terhadap peruntukan unsur-unsur tradisi dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan walaupun berbeza tahap kekuatan antara ketiga-tiga hubungan tersebut.

Abstract: Issues involving traditional elements in the Federal Constitution, such as religion, monarchical institutions, the Malay language, and the special position of the Malays are often debated and sometimes can be a source of inter-racial conflicts on social media. The study focuses on university students, as they are educated people who will be the leaders of the generations to come. Therefore, this study was conducted 1) to identify the level of knowledge, attitude, and appreciation of university students towards the traditional elements of the Federal Constitution, 2) to determine the differences according to students’ demographic background and 3) to analyse the relationship between students' level of knowledge and attitude, as well as their appreciation of traditional elements in the Federal Constitution. The study sample consisted of 572 respondents among university students who were randomly selected in groups in the states of Peninsular Malaysia. The questionnaire was used based on the provisions of the traditional elements in the Federal Constitution, as well as the KAP model, which was distributed online. Overall, the results of the study found that the level of knowledge, attitude, and appreciation of university students towards the traditional elements is high. However, there are significant differences in the level of knowledge, attitude, and appreciation of university students according to demographic background. The results also show that there is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge, attitude, and appreciation of students towards the provisions of traditional elements in the Federal Constitution despite the different levels of strength between the three relationships.