The Influence of Hadiths and Islamic Scholars’ Opinions on Current Miswak Practice
Pengaruh Hadis dan Pandangan Cendekiawan Islam terhadap Amalan Penggunaan Miswak pada Masa Kini
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol5no1.137Keywords:
miswak, hadiths, Islamic scholars’ opinion, current practiceAbstract
Miswak has been used as a tooth cleaning tool for thousands of years throughout the world. Following the introduction of the toothbrush, the usage of miswak is reducing but still exist especially among Muslims. Muslims are still using it as it is part of sunnah and is highly recommended by the Prophet P.B.U.H. Although there are numerous hadiths on the importance of miswak use, there are limited authentic resources on the methods of its usage. The technique of using miswak nowadays might be different from the method recommended in those authentic resources. To investigate the practice of miswak among current users and the miswak practice according to hadiths and Islamic scholars. A cross-sectional descriptive study among miswak users in Sri Petaling, Selangor using purposive sampling. Questionnaires on various aspects of miswak practice as oral hygiene tools were distributed among consented participants. The results were analysed descriptively and compared with miswak practice mentioned in hadiths and scholar’s recommendation. There were 37 subjects participated in the study. Several routines and practices explained in hadiths and Islamic scholars’ recommendations were practised by the participants. The use of miswak prior to ablution and prayer was highly recommended by the Prophet P.B.U.H and was practised by all participants (100%). Half of the participants used miswak upon waking up from sleep (59%) and 76% of them clean their tongue with miswak. All participants use miswak that is not too dry or too wet as suggested by an Islamic scholar. Majority of them (83.8%) cut the miswak stick before they use it and 35% of them soaked the miswak stick before use. Most of the current miswak users are practising the miswak as oral hygiene tool following the guidelines mentioned in hadiths and recommendations by Islamic scholars although there are some parts of miswak practice mentioned in hadiths and scholars’ recommendations were found not to be practised by the subjects and vice versa.
Downloads
References
Abidin, M. A. U. (1992). Rad al-Muhtar ‘ala Dur al-Mukhtar. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Fikr.
Abu Daud, S. A. S., & Hasan, A (1990). Sunan Abu Daud. New Delhi, India: Kitab Bhavan.
Alias, A., Ibrahim, N. M., & Mokhtar, A. W. (2016). Fiqh pergigian: 21 soal jawab mengenai hokum dan isu dalam rawatan pergigian. Nilai, Malaysia: Penerbit USIM.
Al-Asqalani, I. H., (1993). Fath al-bari bi syarh sahih al-Bukhari. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Fikr.
Al-Bukhari, M. I. (2001). Sahih al-Bukhari. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al Tawq al Najah.
Al-Dubyan, D. M. (2005). Mausu’ah Ahkam al-Taharah (Vol. 4). Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Maktabah al-Rusyd.
Almas, K., Al-Lafi, T. (1995). The natural toothbrush. World Health Forum, 16, 206-210.
Al-Nawawi, A. Z. Y. S. (1996). Al majmu’ sharh al-muhadhdhab. In M. Matraji (Vol. 1). Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Fikr.
Al-Nawawi, A. Z. Y. S. (2001). Sahih Muslim bi sharh al-Nawawi. In ‘I. Alsababati, H. Muhammad, & ‘I.
Al Sadhan, R., & Almas, K. (1999). Miswak (chewing stick): A cultural and scientific heritage. Saudi Dental Journal, 11, 80-87.
Amir (Vol. 2). Cairo, Egypt: Dar al-Hadith.
Ar-Rasyhid, H. A. (2014). Pelbagai sunnah yang berkaitan dengan bermiswak. In K. A. Mohd Ariff, S. Abu Bakar, & N. F. Mamat (Eds.), 100 sunnah Rasulullah yang dilupakan (pp. 13-20). Batu Caves, Malaysia: Kemilau Public.
Baharin, N. H. M., Ibrahim, A. Z., Asa, N. M., & Ramli, H. (2016). Assessment of miswak practice among tabligh followers. International Journal of Business, Economics, and Law, 11(5), 47-52.
Bos, G. (1993). The miswak, an aspect of dental care in Islam. Medical History, 37, 68-79.
Danser, M. M., Timmerman, M.F., IJzerman, Y., Bulthuis, H., Van Der Velden, U., & Van Der Weijden, G. A. (1998). Evaluation of the incidence of gingiva abrasion as a result of toothbrushing. Journal of Clinical Periodontogy, 25, 701-706.
Fischman, S. L. (1997). The history of oral hygiene products: how far have we come in 6000 years? Periodontology 2000, 15, 7-14.
Husain, A., & Khan, S. (2015). Miswak: the miracle twig. Archive of Medical Health Science, 3, 152-154.
Ibn Qayyim, (2003). Healing with the Medicine of the Prophet. In Jalal Abual Rub (Trans.). Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Darussalam.
Mastroberardino, S., Cagetti, M. G., Cocco, F., Campus, G., Pizzocri, J., & Stromenger, L. (2014). Vertical brushing versus horizontal brushing: A randomised split-mouth clinical trial. Quintessence International, 45(8), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3290/j.qi.a32238
More, G., Tshikalange, T. E., Lall, N., Botha, F., & Meyer, J. J. (2008). Antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants against oral microorganisms. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 119(3), 473-477.
Muslim, A. H. Q. (2006). Sahih Muslim. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Dar Taibah.
Nordin, F. N., Mohsain, S. R. A., Tamizi, S., Abdul Razzak, M. (2012). A Review on The Sunnah of Miswak (Salvadora Persica) and Its Potentiality to Improve Oral Health. Revelation and Science, 2(1).
Nordin, F. N., Mohsain, S. R. A., Tamizi, S., Abdul Razzak, M. (2013). The Practice of Using Chewing Stick (Salvadora Persica) in Maintaining Oral Health: Knowledge, Perception and Attitude of Malaysian Muslims Adult. Inter Conference of Innovation Challenges in Multidisciplinary Research and Practice.
Terezhalmy, G. T., Biesbrock, A. R., Walters, P. A. Grender, J. M., & Bartizek, R. D. (2008). Clinical evaluation of brushing time and plaque removal potential of two manual toothbrushes. International Journal of Dental Hygiene, 6, 321-327.
Wan Ahmad, W.N., Nik Saleh, N.S.S., & Wan Ismail, W.A.F. (2015). Tanyalah pakar tentang fiqh dental: kefahaman mengenai isu-isu rawatan pergigian menurut prinsip islam dan kaedah perubatan moden. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Telaga Biru.
Wu, C., Darout, I., & Skaug, N. (2001). Chewing sticks: timeless natural toothbrushes for oral cleansing. Journal of Periodontal Research, 36(5), 275-284.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2020 Ahmad Zharif Ibrahim, Nor Haliza Mat Baharin, Nurul Munirah Asa, Haslinda Ramli (Author)
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
1. Author holds the copyright of the article.
2. Jurnal Sains Insani owns the rights to publish the article. The writer may request permission to republish the article from the editor.
3. Jurnal Sains Insani follows the APA (American Psychological Association) style for all in-text citation and list of bibliographies.