Instrumen Pengukuran Kualiti Pengajaran Guru Berasaskan Six Sigma: Penentuan Kesahan Kandungan melalui Analisis Fuzzy Delphi
Teacher Teaching Quality Measurement Instrument Based on Six Sigma: Establishing Content Validity through Fuzzy Delphi Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no2.822Keywords:
Kualiti Pengajaran, Six Sigma, Guru, kesahan kandungan, kaedah Fuzzy DelphiAbstract
Instrumen Pengukuran Kualiti Pengajaran Guru berasaskan Six Sigma (T²Qi-6σ) dibangunkan sebagai mekanisme baharu untuk menilai keberkesanan pengajaran guru secara sistematik. Kajian ini bertujuan menilai kesahan kandungan instrumen dengan menggunakan Kaedah Fuzzy Delphi (FDM), di samping meneroka fungsi instrumen sebagai medium refleksi untuk tindakan (reflection for-action) dan prospek penggunaannya dalam meningkatkan kesedaran, pengetahuan, sikap serta praktis guru.Seramai 14 orang pakar dilibatkan melalui persampelan bertujuan, terdiri daripada sembilan pakar profesional dan lima pakar lapangan daripada universiti awam. Sebanyak 200 item dibina berdasarkan lima konstruk utama Six Sigma iaitu (i) mengenal pasti, (ii) mengukur, (iii) menganalisis, (iv) menambah baik, dan (v) mengawal, yang dinilai menggunakan skala Likert tujuh mata. Analisis FDM mendapati 125 item memenuhi nilai ambang (d ≤ 0.2) dan tahap persetujuan pakar ≥ 75%, manakala 75 item digugurkan. Dapatan kualitatif mengesahkan kesesuaian item yang diterima, serta menunjukkan bahawa instrumen ini dapat membantu guru membuat refleksi terhadap pengajaran mereka dan berfungsi sebagai kerangka yang menyokong pembangunan profesional. Selain itu, instrumen ini dinilai berpotensi memperkukuh kesedaran terhadap budaya kualiti, memperluas pengetahuan tentang metodologi penambahbaikan, membentuk sikap positif, dan mendorong praktis pedagogi yang lebih sistematik. Limitasi kajian ini ialah penilaian hanya tertumpu kepada aspek kesahan kandungan dengan bilangan pakar terhad. Oleh itu, kajian rintis seterusnya disaran menggunakan Model Rasch untuk menilai ciri psikometrik lain secara lebih komprehensif. Secara keseluruhannya, instrumen T²Qi-6σ dilihat berupaya menyumbang kepada peningkatan profesionalisme guru serta menyokong pencapaian SDG 3 (Kesihatan dan Kesejahteraan) dan SDG 4 (Pendidikan Berkualiti).
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