Sains Insani
type: channel
description: Sains Insani (SI) is a peer-reviewed multi-disciplinary journal published twice (2) a year, in the month of June dan December by USIM Press (Penerbit USIM) and managed by the Centre for Core Studies, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia. It is an open-access online scientific journal. The main objective of the publication is to construct an avenue to fellow academicians and researchers to share research findings, new ideas and expertise that contribute to human development from the theory, practical and empirical point of view. The journal devoted to the publication of original and non-original paper (short/ brief communication, notes, letters and opinions) which serves as a platform to address issues pertaining to the field of history and civilizations, philosophy and thoughts, politics, education and sociology.
publisher: Centre for Core Studies, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
language: en-US
publication name: Sains Insani
issn: 0127-7871
copyright: 1. Author holds the copyright of the article. 2. Jurnal Sains Insani owns the rights to publish the article. The writer may request permission to republish the article from the editor. 3. Jurnal Sains Insani follows the APA (American Psychological Association) style for all in-text citation and list of bibliographies.
items: Political Tribes: Group Instinct and the Fate of Nations. Amy Chua, Penguin US. 2019. 293 pages.
items: Forming the Leadership of School Students Through the Leadership of the Principal
items: Kahwin Campur: Isu, Konflik, Dan Peranan Mediasi Dalam Masyarakat Majmuk Di Malaysia
items: Motivasi Saintis Muslim Dalam Perkembangan Ilmu STEM: Sorotan Literatur Bersistematik
items: COVID 19 Pandemic: The Psychological Adjustment of International Students in Malaysian Public Universities
items: Children's Etiquette Towards Parents Based on Kitab Al- Adab Al-Mufrad By Al-Bukhari
items: Halal Meets Biotech: Exploring Integration Opportunities and Challenges in Malaysian Universities
items: Daging Sintetik Dalam Konsep Pemakanan Agama-Agama Utama di Malaysia: Suatu Perbandingan
items: Enhancing Gastronomy Tourism Strategy Through Free Halal Certification Program in East Java
items: The Concept of Daulat and Its Impact on Concubines (Gundik) in the Malacca Sultanate
items: Pewajaran Ratu Serimpak Sebagai Simbol Budaya dan Tradisi Etnik Sama-Bajau
items: Tax Incentive As Determinant Factors Of Tax Compliance: A Latest Systematic Review
items: Pluralisme Agama daripada Pemikiran Muhammad Uthman El-Muhammady
items: Hubungan Faktor Demografi dengan Kesediaan E- Pembelajaran di Sekolah Menengah Agama Negeri Pahang
items: Memperkasakan Pensijilan Halal Premis Makanan di Malaysia: Kepentingan, Keperluan Dan Cabaran
items: Integrating Spirituality In Philosophy Courses For Cultivating Civilizational Values
items: Penggunaan Peranti Ipad Dan Aplikasi Procreate Dalam Penghasilan Poster Sains Di Kalangan Murid Orang Asli Tahun 6 Sk Sungai Rual, Jeli Kelantan
items: Spouses Differences on Love and Commitment among Commuter Marriage

Political Tribes: Group Instinct and the Fate of Nations. Amy Chua, Penguin US. 2019. 293 pages.
type: item
description: In Political Tribes: Group Instinct and the Fate of Nations (2019), Professor Amy Chua offers a sobering diagnosis of modern politics: that identity, not ideology or economics, is the fundamental driver of human behavior and political destiny. The book is both a critique of American liberal universalism and an exposition of how group loyalties—whether ethnic, religious, cultural, or class-based—continue to shape political outcomes around the world. For Chua, the repeated failure of U.S. foreign interventions and the deepening polarization within its own borders can be traced to a persistent blindness toward these primal group instincts. This article critically examines Chua’s thesis by analyzing the philosophical foundations of her argument, assessing its empirical validity, and questioning its relevance to societies such as Malaysia. It provides a distinctive perspective that transcends conventional critiques of American arrogance and examines the epistemological and civilizational premises that inform Chua’s worldview. This review emphasizes the Southeast Asian experience, specifically the Malaysian context, to offer an alternate interpretation of political tribalism—recognizing its influence while highlighting its institutional controllability and transformational capacity.
creator: Mohd Azmir Mohd Nizah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mohd Azmir Mohd Nizah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 198
ending page: 200
doi: 10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no1.808

Forming the Leadership of School Students Through the Leadership of the Principal
type: item
description: Discipline in the classroom is a critical issue that teachers must address to ensure effective learning and academic success. Developing and sustaining student leadership in schools requires a holistic approach that includes structured mentorship programs, continuous leadership training, and a supportive atmosphere. Principals can facilitate this by implementing leadership academies and peer leadership programs, as well as by incorporating leadership training into the curriculum through project-based or service learning. Creating student councils and promoting student initiative are also essential components. Additionally, integrating real-world leadership experiences through partnerships with external organizations significantly enhances students’ leadership skills. These strategies must be sustainable and embedded into the school’s strategic plan and culture, ensuring a lasting impact on students’ leadership development. Research and best practices indicate that for these strategies to be effective, they must be incorporated into the institution’s strategic planning process. This comprehensive approach ensures that leadership training is not a one-time event but a continuous process, shaping students’ capacities for leading others. By embedding leadership development into the core fabric of the school’s operations, principals foster the growth of well-rounded individuals prepared to take on leadership roles both within and beyond the school environment. This method not only develops future leaders but also contributes to a school culture that values and nurtures student leadership, ultimately benefiting society at large. Keyword: Student Leadership, Mentorship Programs, Leadership Training, Extracurricular Activities, Sustainable Leadership Development Abstrak: Disiplin di dalam bilik darjah adalah isu kritikal yang perlu ditangani oleh guru untuk memastikan pembelajaran yang berkesan dan kejayaan akademik. Pembangunan dan pemerkasaan kepimpinan pelajar di sekolah…
creator: Mohd Aizat Abu Hassan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mohd Aizat Abu Hassan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 1
ending page: 11
doi: 10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no1.692

Kahwin Campur: Isu, Konflik, Dan Peranan Mediasi Dalam Masyarakat Majmuk Di Malaysia
type: item
description: Amalan kahwin campur bukanlah fenomena baru dalam kehidupan masyarakat berbilang kaum dan agama. Mutakhir ini ia sudah semakin diterima oleh masyarakat berbanding setengah abad yang lalu. Globalisasi membuka ruang yang lebih besar yang memungkinkan berlakunya interaksi antara etnik, budaya, dan agama yang berbeza. Dalam konteks Malaysia, walaupun kahwin campur sudah semakin diterima, namun ia masih lagi menimbulkan beberapa isu berbangkit apabila melibatkan perkahwinan di antara orang Islam dan bukan Islam. Ini kerana syariat menetapkan bahawa syarat sah perkahwinan adalah pasangan mesti beragama Islam. Hakikatnya, terdapat juga larangan-larangan tertentu di dalam agama selain daripada Islam terhadap kahwin campur. Hal ini bukan sahaja menimbulkan konflik kepada pasangan, bahkan ia menimbulkan prejudis antara kaum dan penganut agama yang berbeza. Keadaan ini boleh meninggalkan impak yang negatif terhadap kesejahteraan hidup masyarakat berbilang kaum dan agama di negara ini. Sesuatu perlu dilakukan bagi meningkatkan kefahaman masyarakat terhadap kahwin campur dan seterusnya mengurangkan kebarangkalian terjadinya konflik. Oleh yang demikian, penulis mencadangkan agar mediasi diperkenalkan kepada pasangan dan ahli keluarga yang terlibat sebagai inisiatif di peringkat awal bagi mengurangkan risiko berlakunya konflik kekeluargaan yang berpotensi membina persepsi negatif di antara kaum dan agama yang berbeza di negara ini.
creator: Haslina Ibrahim
creator: Zaifuddin Md Rasip
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Haslina Ibrahim, Zaifuddin Md Rasip (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 12
ending page: 22
doi: 10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no1.702

Motivasi Saintis Muslim Dalam Perkembangan Ilmu STEM: Sorotan Literatur Bersistematik
type: item
description: Saintis Muslim di zaman silam dan masa kini memainkan peranan penting dalam perkembangan ilmu sains, teknologi, kejuruteraan dan matematik (STEM). Sumbangan dan pencapaian mereka telah direkod dalam pelbagai dokumen seperti manuskrip, buku, dan artikel jurnal. Di sebalik itu, aspek psikologi terutamanya motivasi menjadi ruang yang sangat menarik untuk diteliti dengan lebih lanjut. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap faktor pendorong yang melatari minat dan usaha para saintis Muslim dalam mengembangkan ilmu STEM di era masing-masing. Dengan menggunakan model PRISMA, terdapat enam (6) buah artikel penyelidikan yang diterbitkan oleh jurnal berwasit antara tahun 2014-2024 telah dirangkumkan berdasarkan kriteria yang ditetapkan. Hasil analisis literatur secara sistematik mendapati bahawa para saintis Muslim berasal dari pelbagai negara dan memiliki latar belakang pendidikan yang berbeza antara satu sama lain. Daripada aspek motivasi, faktor intrinsik dan ekstrinsik seperti sikap ingin tahu dan minat yang tinggi, pemikiran kritikal dalam penyelesaian masalah, pengiktirafan akademik, kefahaman agama Islam, dan proses perkembangan diri telah mendorong para saintis Muslim untuk menguasai lebih daripada satu bidang STEM dan memberi sumbangan yang signifikan dalam bidang masing-masing. Justeru, kedua-dua bentuk motivasi ini perlu digarap dalam diri generasi seterusnya agar minat dan usaha mereka dalam bidang STEM memberi manfaat dan kebaikan kepada masyarakat dan negara.
creator: Sarifah Nurhanum Syed Sahuri
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sarifah Nurhanum Syed Sahuri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 23
ending page: 36
doi: 10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no1.706

COVID 19 Pandemic: The Psychological Adjustment of International Students in Malaysian Public Universities
type: item
description: Abstract: The outbreak of COVID-19 disease has greatly affected one’s psychological condition. At all COVID-19 times, International Students (IS) fragility puts them at a high risk affected group by COVID-19. However, throughout the COVID-19 period, only a few studies have been conducted on psychological experiences in the home country. Hence, this study was conducted to explore the psychological challenges that happen among international students during COVID-19 pandemic and the support that has been given to help their psychological adjustments. This qualitative research applied a purposive sampling method to investigate psychological adjustment at 6 public universities with the highest number of international students in their zone. Semi structured interviews have been conducted among ten international students and seven officers from the International Student Society (ISS). This research also used document analysis to triangulate and validate data. All data gathered has been analysed using thematic analysis with assistance from the CAQDAS software program (ATLAS.ti). Results gathered indicate that IS are dealing with loneliness, depression, frustration, hopelessness and stress. These psychological issues influence their feelings and behaviour. Nevertheless, universities are also providing services to assist IS during their adjustment period. Services provided such as virtual help desk, counselling service, regular contact with international students and mental awareness programs. Hence, further planning for suitable services and assistance should be made by authorities regarding adjustments during COVID-19 in Malaysia. Keywords: COVID-19; psychological issues; psychological support; case studies Abstrak: Wabak penyakit COVID-19 telah banyak menjejaskan keadaan psikologi seseorang. Pada semua masa COVID-19, kerapuhan Pelajar Antarabangsa (PA) meletakkan mereka pada kumpulan yang berisiko tinggi terjejas oleh COVID-19. Bagaimanapun, sepanjang tempoh COVID-19, hany…
creator: Raudhah Nurdin Muhammad
creator: Noor Saazai Mat Saad
creator: Sarifah Nurhanum Syed Sahuri
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Raudhah Nurdin Muhammad, Noor Saazai Mat Saad, Sarifah Nurhanum Syed Sahuri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 37
ending page: 50
doi: 10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no1.712

Children's Etiquette Towards Parents Based on Kitab Al- Adab Al-Mufrad By Al-Bukhari
type: item
description: Abstract: In Islam, the bond between children and their parents is regarded as sacred, a principle deeply rooted in the Qur'an and the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). However, contemporary Muslim families face challenges in upholding these principles amidst the demands of modern society, creating a gap between traditional doctrines and present-day practices. This article explores the fundamental principles of adab (etiquette) toward parents as outlined in Kitab al-Adab al-Mufrad by al-Bukhari, a seminal work on Islamic ethics. Employing thematic analysis, the study delves into the core teachings of the text to address these challenges. The findings underscore the timeless significance of respect, compassion, and the serious consequences of disobedience, illustrating how these values can strengthen familial bonds. Revitalizing these teachings offers a pathway to harmonize traditional Islamic values with contemporary family dynamics. Moreover, the study highlights the practical importance of integrating these enduring principles into daily life, emphasizing the pivotal role of parental respect in fostering ethical and harmonious family relationships. Keywords: Adab, Parental Respect, Islamic Etiquette, Kitab al-Adab al-Mufrad, Parent-child Relationship Abstrak: Dalam Islam, ikatan antara anak-anak dan ibu bapa dianggap suci, prinsip yang berakar dalam Al-Quran dan Sunnah Nabi Muhammad (SAW). Bagaimanapun, keluarga Islam kontemporari menghadapi cabaran dalam menegakkan prinsip ini di tengah-tengah tuntutan masyarakat moden, mewujudkan jurang antara doktrin tradisional dan amalan masa kini. Artikel ini mengupas prinsip asas adab (adab) terhadap ibu bapa seperti yang digariskan dalam Kitab al-Adab al-Mufrad oleh al-Bukhari, sebuah karya ulung mengenai etika Islam. Menggunakan analisis tematik, kajian ini menyelidiki teras teks untuk menangani cabaran ini. Penemuan ini menggariskan kepentingan abadi rasa hormat, belas kasihan, dan natijah daripada ketidakpatuhan, mengg…
creator: Sharifah Fadylawaty Syed Abdullah
creator: Amal Hayati Ishak
creator: Fatin Nabilah Abd Wahid
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sharifah Fadylawaty Syed Abdullah, Amal Hayati Ishak, Fatin Nabilah Abd Wahid (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 51
ending page: 61

Halal Meets Biotech: Exploring Integration Opportunities and Challenges in Malaysian Universities
type: item
description: Abstract: The increasing demand for professionals with expertise in halal authentication within the biotechnology industry emphasizes the importance of integrating this field into academic programs in Malaysian universities. However, existing biotechnology curricula often lack dedicated courses and hands-on training related to halal authentication. Additional challenges, such as limited faculty expertise, resource limitations, and weak collaboration between academia and the halal industry, have further impeded the effective incorporation of halal education. This study examines the current landscape of halal authentication education within biotechnology programs, focusing on the opportunities and obstacles faced by Malaysian universities. Through an in-depth literature review and thematic analysis, it identifies gaps in the curriculum and proposes strategies for improvement. The findings highlight the need for specialized courses, practical training modules, interdisciplinary collaboration, and stronger industry partnerships to address resource and expertise limitations. A framework is introduced to support the development of halal authentication education, offering guidance to academic institutions, industry stakeholders, and policymakers. This research contributes to the advancement of halal education in Malaysia and provides a strategic roadmap for universities aiming to embed halal authentication into their biotechnology programs. Keywords: Halal authentication; Biotechnology; Halal education; Halal industry; Malaysian universities. Abstrak: Permintaan yang semakin meningkat bagi golongan profesional yang mempunyai kepakaran dalam pengesahan halal dalam industri bioteknologi menekankan kepentingan mengintegrasikan bidang ini dalam program akademik di universiti-universiti Malaysia. Walau bagaimanapun, kurikulum bioteknologi yang ada sering kali mempunyai kekurangan dari segi kursus dan latihan praktikal yang khusus berkaitan dengan pengesahan halal. Cabaran tamba…
creator: Marina Abu Bakar
creator: Afiffudin Mohammed Noor
creator: Syaimak Ismail @ Mat Yusoff
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Marina Abu Bakar, Afiffudin Mohammed Noor, Syaimak Ismail @ Mat Yusoff (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 62
ending page: 74
doi: 10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no1.721

Daging Sintetik Dalam Konsep Pemakanan Agama-Agama Utama di Malaysia: Suatu Perbandingan
type: item
description: Daging sintetik merujuk kepada daging kultur dan daging berasaskan tumbuhan. Isu-isu berkaitan daging kultur khinzir dan lembu, dan daging khinzir berdasarkan tumbuhan dibincangkan dari sudut pandang konsep pemakanan agama-agama utama di Malaysia iaitu Islam, Buddha dan Hindu. Artikel ini membincangkan penerimaan daging sintetik dalam konsep pemakanan agama-agama utama di Malaysia. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kajian kepustakaan, iaitu dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, iaitu analisis deskriptif berdasarkan sumber primer dan sekunder. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa agama Islam menghalalkan daging kultur dan daging berasaskan tumbuhan yang diambil dari sumber haiwan yang halal dimakan dan disembelih mengikut hukum syarak serta tidak mengandungi unsur-unsur yang menyerupai bahan haram, seperti perasa babi (pork flavour). Manakala, daging kultur boleh dimakan, tetapi tidak digalakkan oleh sesetengah penganut Buddha seperti aliran Theravada dan Mahayana yang berpegang teguh dalam prinsip ahimsa. Namun, penganut Buddha beraliran Vajrayana atau Tibet memakan daging kerana keadaan tanah yang kurang subur untuk tanaman tumbuhan dan sayuran. Mereka juga menyembelih daging tetapi tidak dinyatakan dengan cara yang spesifik. Penganut agama Hindu pula boleh makan daging kultur sekiranya pengambilan sel daging haiwan tersebut tidak melibatkan tindakan mencederakan atau membunuh binatang kerana ia bertepatan dengan amalan ahimsa. Namun, mereka dilarang untuk memakan daging kultur lembu kerana haiwan tersebut dianggap suci dalam agama Hindu. Bagi daging berasaskan tumbuhan pula boleh dimakan oleh kesemua penganut Buddha dan Hindu kerana bertepatan dengan diet vegetarian yang diamalkan oleh mereka. Kesimpulannya, setiap agama mempunyai pandangan yang berbeza mengikut ajaran masing-masing. Konsep pemakanan dan perkara-perkara yang sensitif dalam setiap agama perlu diambil tahu oleh semua rakyat bagi mengekalkan keharmonian hidup berbilang agama di Malaysia.
creator: Mastura Abd Wahab
creator: Mohammad Amir Wan Harun
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mastura Abd Wahab, Mohammad Amir Wan Harun (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 75
ending page: 89
doi: 10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no1.725

Enhancing Gastronomy Tourism Strategy Through Free Halal Certification Program in East Java
type: item
description: Abstract: This study aims to explore the implementation of free halal certification for small and micro business products. Halal certification is considered an important factor in attracting Muslim tourists who are a large market segment. This study analyzes the impact of the Free Halal Certification (SEHATI) program on culinary business actors, tourist perceptions, and the development of gastronomic tourism as a whole. The research methods include surveys, interviews, and quantitative and qualitative data analysis. The results of the study indicate that business actors and tourists in East Java have a positive perception of halal certification and see it as an important factor in supporting a halal lifestyle. Halal certification has a positive impact on business actors because it increases consumer confidence in their products so that they can expand their market reach. This is certainly in line with the development of gastronomic tourism in East Java. Although there are several challenges, ongoing efforts need to be made to increase public knowledge about halal certification, facilitate access to halal certification for business actors, and increase the credibility of halal certification institutions. Thus, halal certification can play a more optimal role in improving the quality of halal products, protecting consumer rights, and encouraging the progress of gastronomic tourism in East Java. The results of this study recommend the following policies: 1). strengthening the halal ecosystem from upstream to downstream, 2) improved standards and regulations, covering global standards and tighter regulation, 3) increased consumer awareness including consumer demand and consumer education, 4) product and service diversification including new products and innovation in certification, 5 ) collaboration between countries and organizations including international cooperation and global certification organizations, 6) increased transparency and accountability including audit,…
creator: Nurlaili Adkhi Rizfa Faiza
creator: Ropingi El Ishaq
creator: Muhammad Fikri Alan
creator: Aziza Anggi Maiyanti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nurlaili Adkhi Rizfa Faiza, Ropingi El Ishaq, Muhammad Fikri Alan, Aziza Anggi Maiyanti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 90
ending page: 99
doi: 10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no1.731

The Concept of Daulat and Its Impact on Concubines (Gundik) in the Malacca Sultanate
type: item
description: Abstract: This study intends to demonstrate how the daulat concept in the past permeates society through including the gundik in the Malacca Sultanate in determining their actions and behaviour behind the palace walls. In addition, this paper aims to describe the historical realities facing the gundik by reflecting on the significant account stated in Sulalatus Salatin. The analysis was conducted as library research, where the analysis derived from Malay magnum opus, Sulalatus Sulatin, is heavily studied. The findings that strong Malay adat, which is daulat of the sultan, is part and parcel, limit the movement of gundik to explore further their social and political roles. Furthermore, the Malays in the past tended to lead their social lives solely to adat and religious perceptions molded by traditional views where women’s circulation was restricted than getting involved in social and political activities. Interestingly, most of the Sultan’s gundik derived from the Bendahara lineage, where the most consistent people to uphold justice and honour the daulat is from Bendahara. Thus, it can be assumed that daulat, along with narrow-minded worldview, give away hints as to why the treatment of gundik was poor and their role was limited only behind the palace wall. Keywords: Daulat, Gundik, Concubines, Political, Malacca Sultanate Abstrak: Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan bagaimana konsep daulat berakar umbi di dalam masyarakat Melayu dalam membentuk tingkah laku masyarakat, khususnya melalui peranan dan layanan terhadap gundik dalam Kesultanan Melaka. Kajian ini meneliti bagaimana daulat mempengaruhi tindakan serta tingkah laku individu di sebalik tembok istana. Selain itu, makalah ini turut mengupas realiti sejarah yang dihadapi oleh golongan gundik berdasarkan catatan penting dalam karya agung Melayu, Sulalatus Salatin. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah penyelidikan kepustakaan dengan analisis teks yang mendalam terhadap Sulalatus Salatin. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan b…
creator: Nor Farhain Zaharani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nor Farhain Zaharani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 100
ending page: 107
doi: 10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no1.746

Pewajaran Ratu Serimpak Sebagai Simbol Budaya dan Tradisi Etnik Sama-Bajau
type: item
description: Pertandingan Ratu Serimpak merupakan aktiviti kebudayaan etnik Sama-Bajau dalam usaha untuk mengangkat dan melestarikan warisan budaya ini agar terus diingati oleh masyarakat khususnya etnik Sama-Bajau. Serimpak merupakan hiasan kepala yang dipakai bersama dengan Badu Sipak (busana tradisi) oleh wanita etnik Sama-Bajau ketika majlis perkahwinan mahupun majlis keramaian. Busana tradisi ini menjadi simbol budaya dan tradisi etnik yang memperlihatkan keunikan dari segi reka bentuk dan warna yang terdapat dalam pakaian etnik ini. Kajian ini meneliti pewajaran Ratu Serimpak sebagai simbol budaya dan jati diri etnik Sama-Bajau di Sabah yang dipertandingkan di negeri Sabah. Kaedah kajian yang digunakan ialah kaedah kualitatif yang menggunakan pendekatan etnografi melalui tinjauan literatur, pemerhatian, dokumentasi visual dan temu bual bersama informan utama. Data visual yang dikumpulkan akan dianalisis melalui triangulasi untuk memastikan ketepatan dan kebolehpercayaan dapatan. Data visual yang diperoleh akan dipindahkan ke data analisis selepas selesai proses triangulasi dilakukan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan pertandingan Ratu Serimpak ini merupakan usaha penting untuk memartabatkan busana etnik Sama-Bajau di samping dapat memupuk kefahaman generasi muda etnik Sama-Bajau untuk mengenal lebih mendalam tentang warisan budaya etnik mereka. Penilaian terhadap peserta dalam pertandingan Ratu Serimpak merangkumi aspek pengetahuan dan peri laku budaya, kefasihan berbahasa ibunda, penilaian dalam penggayaan busana tradisi dan sesi soal jawab dapat dijadikan kayu ukur untuk menilai tahap kefahaman generasi muda etnik Sama-Bajau terhadap budaya dan bahasa mereka. Impak kepada kajian ini diharap dapat memberi sumbangan positif terhadap usaha untuk melestarikan budaya dan etnik melalui pertandingan Ratu Serimpak ini. Penganjuran pertandingan ini mampu menjadi tarikan kepada pelancong dalam dan luar Sabah untuk memahami warisan budaya di negeri Sabah.
creator: Rosmah Derak
creator: Saidatul Nornis Haji Mahali
creator: Noorafini Kassim
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rosmah Derak, Saidatul Nornis Haji Mahali, Noorafini Kassim (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 108
ending page: 118
doi: 10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no1.764

Tax Incentive As Determinant Factors Of Tax Compliance: A Latest Systematic Review
type: item
description: Abstract: This systematic literature review explores the role of tax incentives in influencing tax compliance, providing a structured analysis of recent research. The relationship between tax incentives and compliance is crucial for policymakers seeking to optimise tax systems and enhance revenue collection. Despite extensive studies, debates persist over the effectiveness of various tax incentives. Addressing this gap, the review synthesises findings from studies published between 2022 and 2024, selected using rigorous criteria from databases like Scopus and Web of Science. The PRISMA framework guided the review process, culminating in the analysis of 28 studies across diverse economic contexts and methodologies. Three key themes emerged: (1) tax incentives and corporate behaviour, (2) tax compliance and behavioural factors, and (3) tax policy and economic outcomes. Quantitative analysis reveals that tax incentives—such as deductions, credits, and tax cuts—can significantly enhance compliance, especially in jurisdictions with well-designed policies. However, the effectiveness depends on factors like enforcement mechanisms and socio-economic conditions. Non-monetary incentives, including social recognition and satisfaction, also positively impact compliance, complementing financial benefits.The findings underscore the importance of combining monetary and behavioural incentives for optimal compliance. Effective tax incentive policies require robust enforcement and transparent communication to maximise their potential. This review highlights the necessity of context-specific design and implementation, offering valuable insights for policymakers and researchers. By addressing gaps in the literature, it contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamics between tax incentives and taxpayer compliance. Keywords: Tax Compliance, Tax Incentive, Tax Policy. Abstrak: Kajian literatur sistematik ini meneroka peranan insentif cukai dalam mempengaruhi pematuhan cukai, dengan …
creator: Umikalsom Ariffin
creator: Suhaila Abdul Hamid
creator: Izlawanie Muhammad
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Umikalsom Ariffin (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 119
ending page: 131
doi: 10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no1.780

Pluralisme Agama daripada Pemikiran Muhammad Uthman El-Muhammady
type: item
description: Abstrak: Pluralisme yang membawa maksud kepelbagaian agama diterima secara baik, namun apabila perkataan ini digabungkan dengan agama dan membawa maksud menyamaratakan semua agama atau membawa kepada kecenderungan untuk menyatukan kebenaran agama, perkara tersebut menjadi kontroversi. Terdapat dua masalah utama yang dilihat iaitu kekeliruan terhadap definisi pluralisme agama dan pelbagai pendekatan berbeza menghadapi pluralisme agama. Para sarjana berbeza pendapat mengenai konsep pluralisme agama dan pendekatannya termasuklah Muhammad Uthman El-Muhammady. Kajian ini mengkaji pemikiran Muhammad Uthman El-Muhammady tentang pluralisme agama. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menganalisis sumber penulisan Muhammad Uthman El-Muhammady yang berkaitan dengan pluralisme agama, antaranya ialah risalah Pemikiran Mohammed Arkoun dalam konteks ahli sunnah wal jamaah: Satu pengamatan awal (2011), Falsafah agama John Hick: pengamatan dari perspektif ajaran ahli sunnah wal-Jamaah (2012) dan Al-Firqah al-Najiyah: Epistemologi aqidah golongan yang berjaya (2017). Hasil kajian menunjukkan Muhammad Uthman El-Muhammady mendefinisikan pluralisme dengan maksud ruang awam di mana para penganut agama bertemu dan berhubung serta mengadakan interaksi pelbagai untuk saling memahami antara satu sama lain, manakala pluralisme agama pula ialah fahaman yang menyatakan bahawa semua agama sama, sama-sama membawa kepada syurga. Kata kunci: Pluralisme agama; kepelbagaian agama; kebenaran semua agama sama benar Abstract: Pluralism in meaning of religious diversity well accepted, but it became controversial when this word combined with religion in meaning of generalizing all religions or leading to a tendency to unify the truth of religion. There are two main issues, confusion over the definition of religious pluralism and various approaches to religious pluralism. Scholars had different thought on the concept of religious pluralism and its approach, including Muhammad Uthman El-Muham…
creator: Earnie Elmie Hilmi
creator: Kamarudin Salleh
creator: Nur Farhana Ab Rahman
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Earnie Elmie Hilmi, Kamarudin Salleh, Nur Farhana Ab Rahman (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 132
ending page: 140
doi: 10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no1.784

Hubungan Faktor Demografi dengan Kesediaan E- Pembelajaran di Sekolah Menengah Agama Negeri Pahang
type: item
description: Kajian ini meneliti kesediaan pelajar di Sekolah Menengah Agama Negeri Pahang (SMAN) terhadap e-pembelajaran. Fokus utama kajian ini adalah untuk memahami sikap pelajar terhadap penggunaan peranti digital, tahap literasi digital mereka, serta kualiti fasiliti teknologi dan akses kepada teknologi yang ada di sekolah. Dalam usaha mengumpul data yang relevan, kajian ini menggunakan soal selidik dalam talian yang menggunakan skala Likert lima mata, melibatkan seramai 450 pelajar yang dipilih secara rawak daripada populasi keseluruhan 6,851 pelajar. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 25.0, dengan mengambil kira pelbagai faktor demografi seperti jantina, usia, pendapatan keluarga, pekerjaan ibu bapa, bilangan adik-beradik, lokasi kediaman, jarak ke sekolah, serta nama dan lokasi sekolah. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa literasi digital pelajar adalah rendah, dengan skor min 2.13, manakala sikap mereka terhadap penggunaan peranti digital juga berada pada tahap rendah, dengan skor min 1.876. Penilaian terhadap kualiti fasiliti teknologi dan akses kepada teknologi di sekolah adalah sederhana, dengan skor min masing-masing 2.508 dan 2.530. Selain itu, faktor-faktor demografi seperti usia, jantina, nama sekolah dan pendapatan keluarga didapati mempengaruhi sikap dan tahap literasi digital pelajar. Berdasarkan hasil kajian ini, terdapat cadangan untuk melaksanakan strategi proaktif, seperti pendidikan tambahan dan sokongan teknologi, bagi meningkatkan kesediaan pelajar terhadap e-pembelajaran serta memperkasakan pendidikan yang lebih inklusif di kalangan pelajar. (Kata kunci: e-Pembelajaran, sikap, literasi, fasiliti, akses)
creator: Artika Rasul Sulaiman
creator: Hasmadi Hj. Hassan
creator: Jamal Rizal Razali
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Artika Rasul Sulaiman, Hasmadi Hj. Hassan, Jamal Rizal Razali (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 141
ending page: 153
doi: 10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no1.741

Memperkasakan Pensijilan Halal Premis Makanan di Malaysia: Kepentingan, Keperluan Dan Cabaran
type: item
description: Abstrak: Produk berlogo halal telah menjadi keperluan penting bagi pengguna Muslim di Malaysia. Seiring dengan peningkatan kesedaran halal, pensijilan halal semakin mendapat perhatian. Di Malaysia, terdapat sembilan kategori pensijilan halal dan salah satunya ialah kategori premis makanan. Kategori ini merangkumi pemberian sijil halal kepada pelbagai jenis premis makanan seperti dapur hotel, restoran, gerai, kiosk, warung dan sebagainya yang telah mematuhi syarat dan prosedur pensijilan halal. Walaupun pensijilan halal dalam industri makanan berkembang pesat dengan peningkatan permohonan sijil halal, kategori premis makanan masih menunjukkan perkembangan yang agak perlahan. Sehubungan itu, tulisan ini bertujuan membincangkan kepentingan, keperluan dan cabaran dalam memperkasa pensijilan halal bagi kategori premis makanan. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dimana data dikumpul dan dianalisis melalui pendekatan analisis kandungan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa pensijilan halal untuk premis makanan adalah penting untuk diperkasakan bagi memastikan pengguna mendapat jaminan makanan halalan tayyiban dan terjamin keselamatannya. Pemerkasaan ini diharapkan dapat mencegah isu-isu keselamatan makanan yang sering berlaku di premis makanan. Kajian ini juga mendapati beberapa cabaran utama dalam memperkasakan pensijilan halal bagi kategori ini iaitu kesukaran proses permohonan, kos pematuhan dan keperluan bahan mentah halal, kesulitan memenuhi dokumentasi serta kebersihan dan kos penambahbaikan premis. Implikasi kajian ini ialah dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam kepada pengusaha premis makanan, pihak berkuasa pensijilan halal dan pengguna Muslim berkaitan keperluan dan cabaran dalam pensijilan halal premis makanan serta memberikan jalan penyelesaian yang praktikal dan strategik dalam meningkatkan keyakinan pengguna, memacu ekonomi dan memperkukuh sistem pensijilan halal di Malaysia. Kata Kunci: Pensijilan Halal, Premis makanan, keselamatan makanan, kesih…
creator: Mohammad Hafeez Md Ramli
creator: Tuan Sidek Tuan Muda
creator: Anita Abdul Rani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mohammad Hafeez Md Ramli, Tuan Sidek Tuan Muda, Anita Abdul Rani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 154
ending page: 163

Integrating Spirituality In Philosophy Courses For Cultivating Civilizational Values
type: item
description: This study explores the integration of spirituality into philosophy courses, particularly the compulsory "Falsafah dan Isu Semasa" (Philosophy and Current Issues) course to all Malaysian higher education institutions in cultivating civilizational values. The research aims to evaluate how spirituality - defined as the meaning, purpose, and values derived from connections with a higher power, oneself, others, and nature, accessed through the heart (qalb) - can enrich the teaching and learning experience of philosophy. Employing a qualitative research approach with content analysis as the primary method, the study examined course materials, syllabi, and relevant literature. The 3A's model (Awareness, Awakening, and Action) was used as a framework to understand how the integration of spirituality into philosophy courses can foster the development of civilizational values. The analysis suggests that integrating spirituality may enhance students' cognitive and social engagement, leading to a deeper understanding of philosophical concepts in cultivating the civilizational values, namely, ethical foundations, personal growth, and cultural understanding. This integration addresses gaps in traditional education by nurturing students' spiritual dimensions alongside intellectual growth, aligning with Malaysia's National Education Philosophy. The study emphasizes the critical role of spirituality in education and provides a framework for enhancing teaching practices in Malaysian higher education institutions. By incorporating spirituality into the course, the research fosters a more holistic and meaningful educational experience for students. This approach not only enhances their understanding of philosophical concepts but also prepares them to be thoughtful, ethical, and engaged members of society.
creator: Ratna Roshida Ab Razak
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ratna Roshida Ab Razak (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 164
ending page: 175
doi: 10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no1.770

Penggunaan Peranti Ipad Dan Aplikasi Procreate Dalam Penghasilan Poster Sains Di Kalangan Murid Orang Asli Tahun 6 Sk Sungai Rual, Jeli Kelantan
type: item
description: Abstrak: Penggunaan teknologi dalam pendidikan semakin berkembang sebagai alat bantu pengajaran yang efektif, terutama bagi murid yang lebih cenderung kepada pembelajaran visual dan interaktif. Dalam kalangan murid Orang Asli, pendekatan inovatif diperlukan untuk meningkatkan minat serta pemahaman mereka terhadap subjek sains. Salah satu kaedah yang berpotensi ialah penggunaan peranti digital seperti iPad dan aplikasi reka bentuk grafik seperti Procreate. Kajian ini bertujuan menilai keberkesanan penggunaan iPad dan aplikasi Procreate dalam penghasilan poster sains sebagai alat bantu pembelajaran dalam kalangan murid Orang Asli Tahun 6 di Sekolah Kebangsaan (SK) Sungai Rual, Jeli, Kelantan. Seramai 12 murid suku Jahai, terdiri daripada 10 murid perempuan dan 2 murid lelaki, diberikan peranti iPad untuk menghasilkan poster menggunakan aplikasi Procreate. Model Gelung Kajian Tindakan Kemmis dan McTaggart digunakan untuk melaksanakan kajian dalam tiga fasa: perancangan, pelaksanaan, dan pemerhatian. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa murid mengambil masa lebih singkat untuk menghasilkan poster menggunakan kaedah Procreate berbanding kaedah tradisional, dengan purata masa sebanyak 15.7 minit berbanding 19.8 minit. Disamping penghasilan poster yang lebih cantik dan menarik, semua murid juga menunjukkan minat dan keseronokan yang tinggi dalam menggunakan aplikasi Procreate. Ini membuktikan bahawa integrasi penggunaan teknologi dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan minat dan kefahaman murid terhadap subjek sains. Kesimpulannya, kaedah Procreate berkesan dalam menarik minat murid untuk belajar sains dan memudahkan penghasilan poster sains yang lebih kreatif dan interaktif. Kata kunci: iPad, procreate, poster sains Abstract: The use of technology in education is increasingly evolving as an effective teaching aid, especially for students who are more inclined towards visual and interactive learning. Among Orang Asli students, innovative approaches are needed to enhan…
creator: Zul Faizuddin Osman
creator: Ahmad Hayani Awang
creator: Ahmad Tarmizi Che Has
creator: Mohd Harizal Senik@Nawi
creator: Sarina Sulong
creator: Azlina Ahmad
creator: Siti Norasikin Mohd Nafi
creator: Surini Yusoff
creator: Farizan Ahmad
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Farizan Ahmad, Zul Faizuddin Osman, Ahmad Hayani Awang, Ahmad Tarmizi Che Has, Mohd Harizal Senik@Nawi, Sarina Sulong, Azlina Ahmad, Siti Norasikin Mohd Nafi, Surini Yusoff (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 176
ending page: 186
doi: 10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no1.790

Spouses Differences on Love and Commitment among Commuter Marriage
type: item
description: Abstract: This study explored the differences between commuter marriage relationships in terms of love and commitment. A total of 110 respondents were involved, who are married individuals and who have a long-distance marriage with a partner. This study involved secondary and primary school teachers in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. The study design is quantitative using a set of standard questionnaires to test the study variables. The Triangular Love Scale was used to measure love and the Investment Model Scale (IMS) was used to measure commitment variables. Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to analyse the relationship between love and commitment among commuter marriages. In contrast, the t-Test for Independent Samples was used to look at differences in love and commitment in terms of gender and the first marital status of respondents. Based on Pearson Correlation analysis, it was found that there is a significant relationship between love and commitment among commuter marriages (k = .335 **, p> .001). While the t-test for Independent Sample analysis between loves by gender found no significant differences, in contrast, commitment there was a significant mean difference between males and females. The results of this study found that there was no significant difference between love and commitment according to the respondents' first marital status. The implications of this study emphasized the importance of husbands committing to marriage to protect their marriage. The spouses are responsible for maintaining the marriage despite being far away from each other. Keywords: Love, Commitment, Relationship, Commuter Marriage Abstrak: Kajian ini meneroka perbezaan antara hubungan perkahwinan komuter dari segi kasih sayang dan komitmen. Seramai 110 orang responden terlibat iaitu individu yang sudah berkahwin dan yang melakukan perkahwinan jarak jauh dengan pasangan. Kajian ini melibatkan guru sekolah menengah dan rendah di Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. Reka bentuk kaj…
creator: Joki Perdani Sawai
creator: Rezki Perdani Sawai
creator: Mahirah Masdin
creator: Syaidatun Nazirah Abu Zahrin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Joki Perdani Sawai, Rezki Perdani Sawai, Mahirah Masdin, Syaidatun Nazirah Abu Zahrin (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
volume: 10
number: 1
starting page: 187
ending page: 197
doi: 10.33102/sainsinsani.vol10no1.707